央行资本盒与货币政策的有效性

2007年次贷危机后,各国央行都承担起“最后贷款人”的职责,救助金融机构,央行自身资产负债表的质量不断恶化,引发对中央银行资本金的关注。央行在履行维持物价稳定和一些“准财政”职能时,资本金可能遭受损失,资本金的损失会影响到央行的公信力和独立性,以及货币政策的有效性。充足的央行资本金对于货币政策的有效执行来说是一种有力的保障。     

我国农村政策性金融发展的社会网络因素分析

农村政策性金融发展不仅需要从经济有效性视角进行一般分析,还需要从社会合理性视角和经济社会学视角进行探索研究。本文采取跨学科交叉性研究方法,运用新经济社会学相关理论和方法,将农村政策性金融的运行和发展置于其所在的社会网络背景之中,从而在社会网络的制约与影响中进行研究。本文认为农村社会金融网络场域为农村政策性金融发展提供了基本的载体,农村政策性金融应该以农村弱势群体为服务对象;嵌于社会网络中的社会资本需求对农村政策性金融发展具有间接的拉动作用,并提出了构建良性互动、充分发挥农村政策性金融功能的途径和建议。     

Competition among exchanges through simplified disclosure requirements: evidence from the American and Global Depositary Receipts

In this study, we address the ongoing debate as to whether the competition among the world's major exchanges through simplified disclosure requirements is justified. Companies from across the globe have a choice of cross-listing shares as either American or Global Depositary Receipts (ADRs and GDRs, respectively). The former are primarily listed on the US exchanges – NYSE, NASDAQ and AMEX – whereas the latter are issued into non-US markets such as the London Stock Exchange (LSE). The GDRs listed on the LSE are subject to simplified disclosure requirements compared to their exchange-listed ADR peers that have to meet more stringent compliance standards. Proponents of the ‘light touch’ approach argue that firms cross-listing as GDRs are not subject to the higher reporting costs faced by ADRs yet still face similar valuation benefits. Those who challenge this approach argue that simplified disclosure requirements set by the LSE will ultimately be recognised by the market as ineffective, diverting traders from investing in GDRs. This study provides evidence that supports the LSE's ‘light touch’ approach and shows that the benefits of information risk reduction for ADRs and GDRs are comparable. The explanation for this finding is that the two avenues through which information asymmetry is expected to be resolved after cross-listing – disclosure and analysts – are substitutive and make equally important contribution to information risk reduction, eventually leading to similar cost of capital decline for ADRs and GDRs.     

Information dissemination on intellectual capital in mergers and acquisitions: purchase price allocations,press releases and business press

In order to reduce information asymmetries in relation to a firm's current decisions and long-term strategy, firms must consistently provide information to stakeholders. This paper investigates intellectual capital (IC) information disclosed in mergers and acquisitions (M&A) provided through three different disclosure channels (voluntary press releases, related newspaper articles and subsequent mandatory corporate disclosures in the notes to the financial statements). For a sample of 215 randomly selected US and European M&As, we analyse 215 press releases, 1025 newspaper articles and 215 purchase price allocations. Our findings suggest that IC disclosure in press releases is not perceived as informative and qualitative forward-looking IC information in voluntary corporate disclosures appears to lack credibility. Moreover, we empirically demonstrate interdependencies across the three disclosure channels. The business press seems to filter IC information provided in press releases. The amount of IC disclosure in the notes to the financial statements is positively associated with prior IC disclosure in newspaper articles, but negatively associated with IC disclosure in press releases. The managements of acquirer firms appear to pay attention to news coverage and public opinion. However, both voluntary and mandatory corporate disclosures appear to substitute rather than complement each other.     

社会资本视角下微型金融与贫困居民收入增长研究

本文利用百色市432户贫困农户的问卷调查数据对微型金融与贫困居民收入增长之间的关系进行了实证分析,结果显示：微型金融对百色市贫困居民收入存在直接影响,但影响程度较小;微型金融通过社会资本途径对提高贫困居民的收入水平作用明显.因此,应充分发挥微型金融在反贫困中的作用.     

多重均衡模式与近期人民币汇率波动

当前我国外汇市场已进入多重均衡状态。在给定货物贸易和直接投资累计较大顺差、人民币利率高于外币利率的情况下,市场预期变化仍有可能对跨境资本流动和人民币汇率走势产生巨大影响。这也可以解释当前我国国际收支特点和近期人民币汇率波动。随着国际收支平衡机制的不断完善以及境内外经济金融环境的不断演变,跨境资本流动和人民币汇率双向波动有可能成为一种新常态。     

土地整治公众参与机制中的社会资本及其作用

研究目的：分析土地整治公众参与机制中的社会资本内涵、表现形式及其作用于土地整治的实现途径。研究方法：文献资料法,归纳分析法,实证分析法。研究结果：厘清了土地整治公众参与机制中社会资本的概念及层次内涵,阐述了社会资本作用于土地整治的两种实现途径。研究结论：（1）社会资本是农民之间合作的基础,体现在以信任、互惠、规范和合作为基本特征而构建的社会参与网络;（2）土地整治公众参与机制中的社会资本在农村基层组织中得以显化,是建立和优化土地整治公众参与机制的充分必要条件;（3）社会资本与农村土地制度变迁相互影响相互作用。     

生计资本对林农大病风险的影响分析

基于浙江省4个林区县194个农户的调研数据,运用极差标准化和熵值法得出林农的生计资本值,并采用两阶段选择模型实证分析生计资本对大病风险的影响。结果表明:林农的人力资本和物质资本相对丰裕;物质资本对林农是否遭遇大病风险有显著的负向影响;人力资本和物质资本对大病风险的严重程度有显著的负影响。因此,林农家庭要培养良好的生活习惯,保证家庭健康劳动力的数量;要在加强义务教育的基础上,不断普及医疗卫生知识;要完善林区农村的医疗卫生设施,基础交通建设,提升林农得到优质医疗服务的便捷性。     

中国证券市场各类风险对资本成本的影响研究

以2007-2010年我国A股上市公司为样本,用Hanlon改进的剩余收益增长率方法度量资本成本,并在此基础上从微观结构视角分析证券市场中最主要的系统波动性风险、特质波动性风险、流动性风险和信息风险对资本成本的影响。结果发现,随着系统波动性风险、流动性风险以及信息风险这三类传统意义上的系统性风险增大,资本成本也增大;通过投资组合部分分散的特质波动风险则与资本成本的关系不明确。     

人力资本与战略性新兴产业发展——基于105家上市公司的DEA-Malmquist指数分析

利用DEA-Malmquist指数,对我国7大战略性新兴产业2007年—2011年全要素生产率的变动做了纵向和横向比较,并进一步测算了各产业分别以人力资本和物质资本作为单一投入要素的Malmquist指数,即对战略性新兴产业全要素生产率分行业进行了要素分解,从而对人力资本投入对于培育和发展战略性新兴产业的重要性,以及各细分行业的人才战略实施情况有一个整体把握。结论认为要充分发挥人力资本的作用,依靠企业内部的高强度人才招聘和培训是其中一方面,而更应从价值链重构、产业结构调整的视阈中开拓人才战略的新思路。